THE COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF FRESH STEM JUICE AND AQUEOUS STEM JUICE EXTRACT OF COSTUS AFER (BUSH CANE) ON THE HISTOMORPHOLOGY OF THE STOMACH OF PARACETAMOL TREATED ALBINO WISTAR RATS

ABSTRACT
This study was designed to compare the effect of fresh stem juice
and aqueous stem juice extract of Costus afer on the stomach of
paracetamol treated rats. Ld50 of the fresh stem juice and
aqueous stem juice extract was determined by the modified
Lorke’s method using twenty one (21) male mice and was
determined to be 223.61 mg/kg and 353.55 mg/kg respectively.
Twenty eight (28) adult male Wistar rats were used for the
experiment. The animals were weighed before and after the
experiment. They were randomly divided into seven groups of
four animals in each group as follows. Group A: the control group
was given feed and water ad libitum. Groups B – G served as the
experimental groups. Group B was administered with 28.57 mg/
kg of paracetamol. Group C was administered with 44.72 mg/kg
of fresh stem juice extract of Costus afer. Group D was
administered with 70.71 mg/kg of aqueous stem juice extract of
Costus afer. Group E was administered with 28.57 mg/kg of
paracetamol and 44.72 mg/kg of fresh stem juice of Costus afer
.Group F was administered with 28.57 mg/kg of paracetamol and
70.71 mg/kg of aqueous stem juice extract of Costus afer. Group
G was administered with 28.57 mg/kg of paracetamol and 100
mg/kg of silymarin. All administrations were carried out within 21
days. Administration was done orally using an orogastric tube.
After the 21 days the animals were sacrificed by chloroform
inhalation anesthesia and their stomach harvested, fixed in 10 %
buffered formalin, processed and stained with hematoxylin and
eosin staining technique. They were observed under a light
microscope and the following observations were made. Group A
showed normal histoarchitecture of the gastric epithelium. Group
B showed severe atrophy of the gastric epithelium tissues.
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