THE EFFECT OF QUININE AND TRIPLE ANTIRETROVIRAL REGIMEN ON THE HISTOLOGY OF THE FETAL CEREBELLUM OF ALBINO WISTAR RATS

ABSTRACT
This research work evaluated “the Histomorphological Effects of
Quinine and Triple Antiretroviral Regimen on fetal cerebellum of
Albino Wistar Rats”. Forty female wistar rats weighing between
180-220g were sorted into eight groups with 5 rats each whose
estrous cycles where monitored. Sexually active male of the same
strain was added into each group to ensure fertilization. Vaginal
smear from each of the females was collected following overnight
mating by putting few drops of saline in vagina and recollecting
and checks for spermatozoa under microscope. The present of
sperm in the vaginal smear indicated day zero of pregnancy and
administered started on day 7. Group 1 was taken as the control
group and was administered with distilled water. Group 2-8 were
the experimentals, Group 2-4 were given 10mg/kg, 20mg/kg and
30mg/kg body weight of quinine hypochloride injections
intraperitoneally respectively eight ( hourly for seven days.
Group 5 animals were administered 17.1mg/kg body weight of
the triple antiretroviral regimen orally respectively for 7 days.
Groups 6-8 were administered concomitantly 17.1mg/kg triple
antiretroviral regimen daily + Quinine 10mg.kg 8 hourly, 17.7mg/
kg of triple antiretroviral regimen daily + quinine 20mg/kg body
weight 8 hourly and 17.7mg/kg of triple antiretroviral regimen +
quinine 30mg/kg body weight 8 hourly for 7 days respectively. At
the end of the experiment, the rats were euthanized to remove the
fetuses and each fetus was sacrificed to harvest the cerebellum for
histological analysis. The result revealed a significant (p>0.05)
reduction in the fetal body weight and placental weight following
administration of quinine, antiretroviral combination drugs and
more significant (p>0.05) reduction was observed in quinine and
antiretroviral combination drugs co-administration treated groups
dose dependently compared with the control group. This is
suggestive of intrauterine growth retardation caused by these
drugs. In these results, it was observed that the administration of
quinine and antiretroviral combination drug produced notable
distortions to the cytoarchitecture of the fetal cerebellum within the
experimental groups with the quinine and antiretroviral drugs co-
administration treated groups showing a more severe
degeneration dose dependently.
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